FJC Privacy Audit of PACER Documents

New from the Federal Judicial Center:

“A Memorandum to Honorable Reena Raggi, Chair, Privacy Protection Subcommittee [of the Judicial Conference Committee on Rules of Practice and Procedureregarding Social Security Numbers in Federal Court Documents,” by George Cort and Joe Cecil (Federal Judicial Center), April 5, 2010.

The summary states:

“The Center identified 2,899 documents with one or more unredacted Social Security numbers among the almost ten million documents filed in federal district and bankruptcy courts in a recent two-month period. Seventeen percent of these documents appeared to qualify for an exemption from the redaction requirement under the relevant privacy rules. An unknown number of the remaining documents may qualify for a waiver of the privacy protection under the rules, but we could not determine whether such a waiver applied to the documents identified in this study.”

Argentine Digital Library of Treaties

Argentina’s Ministry of Foreign Relations has produced a Digital Library of Argentina Treaties from 1811. The treaties are available in PDF format. The database includes historical documents, bilateral and multilateral treaties, and inter-institutional agreements.  They can be searched by title, citation, date, subject, country, and signatory. Currently, it is not possible to search by keyword across all agreements.  This treaty database will be useful to historians and legal researchers. The search interface is exclusively in Spanish.

Argentine Digital Library of Treaties (Biblioteca Digital de Tratados)

http://tratados.cancilleria.gob.ar

From the press release:

In honor of the bicentenary of Argentina’s independence, the Foreign Ministry has created a website with some 10,000 historical documents that can be copied, downloaded, printed or sent via e-mail.
Cabinet Chief of the Chancellery of Argentina, Alberto D’Alotto, officially launched the new portal that provides copies of international treaties and national historical documents that can be downloaded by citizens who require it.

The Digital Library of Treaties took about five years of work. It includes a total of 10,000 documents, including bilateral, multilateral, and historical documents (international and national). 

Many of the documents are scanned and can be viewed in their original form with signatures, for example, by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Juan Bautista Alberdi, Tomás Guido, Rufino de Elizalde, Carlos Tejedor, Bernardo de Irigoyen and Roque Saenz Peña.

What If Law Journal Citations Included Digital Object Identifiers? A Snapshot of Major Law Journals

“What If Law Journal Citations Included Digital Object Identifiers? A Snapshot of Major Law Journals”

BENJAMIN J. KEELE, Indiana University Bloomington – School of Library and Information Science

Prevailing citation practice in law journals is to use uniform resource locators (URLs) when citing electronic sources. Digital object identifiers (DOIs) provide a more reliable and robust mechanism for citing digital, scholarly articles. This study examines to what extent DOIs exist but are not used in law journal citations. Citations to scholarly articles from twenty-five randomly-selected articles appearing in the 2008-2009 volumes of four major law journals (Harvard Law Review, Columbia Law Review, Yale Law Journal, and University of Pennsylvania Law Review) were checked for existing DOIs using CrossRef’s Simple Text Query form. This resulted in 394 citations that could have had DOIs, but did not. This non-trivial number suggests that law journal editors and librarians should consider adding DOIs to citations. For journals that publish exclusively online or are interdisciplinary, assigning DOIs to their own articles may be a prudent measure to better ensure long-term digital access and citation by scholars in other fields.

Source:  LSN Experimental & Empirical Studies eJournal Vol. 11 No. 42,
  04/26/2010

Why Ask Why West

I just received a brochure from Lexis for its set of California Reports, and I intend to share it with our advanced legal research class.

From the blurb:

As the official publisher of the California Reports, LexisNexis is part of the court’s publishing process.  LexisNexis editors work closely with the California Reporter of Decisions’ staff to meet all requirements for authenticity, integrity and accuracy.  All opinions are checked, corrected and approved prior to publication in the official advance sheet — and again before the bound volumes are published.  Plus all headnotes and case summaries are approved by the author of the opinion. . . .

A lot of work, to be sure.  And there’s no doubt that West’s efforts are similar.

What’s not similar are the prices for the bound volumes:

LexisNexis:

California Official Reports: Supreme Court Bound Volumes . . . $ 22.30

California Official Reports: Appellate Court Bound Volumes . . . $ 22.30

West (from our latest monthly invoice)

West’s California Reporter . . . $ 195.50

Introducing and Integrating Free Internet Legal Research into the Classroom

“Introducing and Integrating Free Internet Legal Research into the Classroom”

University of Miami Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2010-05

JOOTAEK LEE, University of Miami – School of Law

The Global financial crisis has been discouraging legal researchers and practitioners from accessing high-cost databases.Many legal professionals and researchers are under financial pressures mainly because of the increased kinds and cost of subscription databases such as Westlaw and Lexis; thus, many legal professionals and researchers started considering free or less expensive internet resources for their research and classes. On the other hand, the number of these free or less expensive internet resources is increasing every year, and their coverage for legal sources is also expanded. Furthermore, just as the creation of a list of hypertext links to internet resources is not an easy task anymore because of the gigantic number of resources available, so simply providing created list to the law students will likewise irresponsibly confuse and intimidate them.

First, this article attempted to define internet legal research and to show the difficulty of distinguishing internet legal research from other online searches. Next, pros and cons of free or less expensive internet resources were discussed. Lastly, this article attempted to introduce and apply usability to various internet resources, criticizing Lexis and Westlaw by the principle of usability web-design.In conclusion, the necessity and prospective plan to establish evaluation standards for free internet resources including coverage, currency, accuracy, authority, appropriateness, and perspective will be explored

Source:  LSN: University of Miami School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper
Series Vol. 4 No. 2,  04/21/2010

War Games: the Story of Aid and War in Modern Times

April 17, 2010 edition of the Financial Times published a review of Linda Polman’s book: War Games: The Story of Aid and War in Modern Times, which discusses contemporary and historical developments of humanitarian aid.

Aid and Abet: Do Humanitarian Agencies Inadvertantly Prolong Conflict?

Hugh Carnegy

Financial Times, April 17, Life & Arts p. 16

War Games: the Story of Aid and War in Modern Times

Linda Polman

Viking, 2010

http://www.amazon.co.uk/War-Games-Story-Modern-Times/dp/0670918962

Excerpts from the Financial Times book review

Polman traces the genesis of today’s aid culture to the mid-19th Century, two contemporary humanitarians, the Swiss Henri Dunant and the Briton Florence Nightingale, were prompted by the horrors of war to take action. But they had very different outlooks.

Nightingale was determined that governments and executive authorities responsible for conflicts should be forced into taking responsibility for the consequences – they should not be allowed to duck those responsibilities because voluntary organizations were prepared to step in to offer care and succour to victims of war.

Dunant, by contrast, lobbied for international volunteer organizations to help – without conditions wounded soldiers (in those days, the victims of war were overwhelmingly combatants, not civilians. In 1863 he founded the ICRC to offer aid based on principles of neutrality, impartiality and independence. Nightingale dismissed it as “absurd.” But it is those founding principles of the ICRC that have come to dominate the world’s aid industry.

Database Resources for CEO Pay

Resources include:
  • Case Studies
  • What You Can Do
  • Searchable Database
  • Rankings
  • The Top 100 Highest Paid CEOs (2008 or 2009 Data)
The CEO PayWatch Database can be searched by:
  • Company Name
  • Pay by Industry (Several limits are available)
  • Pay by State
  • Ticker or Company Name
Sorting of lists generated by the database is possible by clicking on headings.

The database homepage includes information on where the data comes from (frequently from proxy statements filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)).
What Can Be Found:
  • What the CEO of a company took in last year.
  • How his/her pay package compares with that of the average worker, a minimum wage earner and the president of the United States.
  • A fact sheet on such comparisons.

Hat tip to ResourceShelf.

European Parliament Video: Legislative Amendment Process

Europarl TV has produced a short 2 minute and 30 second video on the legislative amendment process in the European Parliament. 

The Art of the Amendment

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/public/story_page/008-72110-096-04-15-901-20100406STO72099-2010-06-04-2010/default_en.htm

Iceland’s Banking Truth Commssion Report

The Icelandic Parliament’s Special Investigation Commission report on the financial crisis in Iceland has been released.

Excerpts of the report are slowly being released in English.

English language content currently available:

Exeutive Summary                                                                                                 Chapter 18 Deposits in Financial Institutions Abroad                               Chapter 21 Causes of the Collapse of the Islandic Banks                             Appendix 3 Iceland’s failed banks: a post-mortem                                 Appendix 8 Importance of government supervision in producing financial services

Report of the Special Investigation Commission, April 12, 2010

http://sic.althingi.is/

Tokyo Metropolitan Government Greenhouse Gas Emissions Program

Japan Times published an article on Tokyo’s new greenhouse gas emissions regime:

Tokyo’s CO2 cap-and-trade may set national standard.

by Maya Kaneko

Japan Times, Thursday , April 8th.

http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20100408f2.html

Financial Times also has an article on Tokyo’s new program.

Excerpts from the Japan Times article:

Under the leadership of Gov. Shintaro Ishihara, Tokyo aims to slash its carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gas emissions by 25 percent compared with 2000 levels by 2020. The program caps energy-related carbon dioxide emissions from some 1,330 offices and factories in the capital and allows for trading of emissions credits.

About 1,330 offices, commercial buildings and factories that annually consume the crude oil equivalent of more than 1,500 kiloliters of energy will be required to cut total carbon dioxide emissions over the fiscal 2010-2014 period by 6 percent to 8 percent from base-year levels.

Base-year levels are calculated from average emissions over a past period of three consecutive years between fiscal 2002 and 2007. Office buildings face an 8 percent target and factories are subject to a 6 percent goal.

In the fiscal 2015-2019 second phase, they will be required to slash emissions by 17 percent from their base-year levels.

To meet the targets, offices and factories can either make efforts on their own, such as updating to energy-saving equipment, or purchase emissions credits from other entities that have reduced their carbon dioxide output by more than the obligated levels in a system known as cap and trade.

They can also buy credits earned through reduction efforts by small and medium-size companies in Tokyo and the entities’ large-scale branch offices outside the capital. Renewable energy certificates issued by power generators can be also purchased.